Safe use of paraffin heaters
Paraffin heaters are safe when used properly and sensibly. Choose a new heater that meets British or European safety standards. Wherever possible avoid buying second-hand.
- Follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully.
- Never refill with paraffin while the heater is alight.
- Make sure there is plenty of air coming into the room.
- Keep heaters away from doors and direct draughts.
- Check all parts regularly and remove any build-up of dust, which could restrict the air flow.
- Check regularly to make sure the wick has not become choked or dirty. When necessary, trim it with the special wick cleaner provided. If you do not have one, ask at the shop where you buy your wicks.
- When buying paraffin, look for the special symbol with the number BS 2869 CI on the pump or tank. Using this paraffin will help to ensure that your heater works safely.
When refilling the heater:
- Extinguish the heater and let it cool first.
- Where possible, refill the tank outside.
- Refill to just below the maximum level, to allow for expansion when the paraffin warms up.
- Never allow the paraffin to overflow or drip onto the floor - clear up any spills immediately.
- Before lighting, make sure the heater is standing level, preferably on a non-combustible base, and away from draughts.
- Store spare fuel outside the home, and try not to store more than 9 litres (2 gallons). Keep the fuel in purpose-made containers away from sources of heat.
Safe use of oil-fired heaters
Oil-fired heaters with chimneys or flues need air to allow them to work properly. Make sure that air can enter the room.
- Get a reputable company to install your oil-fired heater or boiler.
- Read and follow the manufacturer's instructions.
- Get your appliance serviced regularly by an experienced engineer. This should include a safety check to make sure that chimneys and flues are not blocked.
- Do not try to adjust gauges and instruments yourself.
Safe use of wood-burning stoves and boilers
Wood-burning stoves and boilers should only use the right quality of wood. They need to be properly maintained and regularly serviced.
- Get a competent person to install the stove or boiler, following the manufacturer's instructions and the building regulations and code of practice.
- Make sure there is enough air coming into the room.
- The wood should be dry and well seasoned - this usually takes about two years. A well-seasoned log has drying out splits in the ends. Never use wet or newly felled wood as this can cause tar or creosote to form in the wood burner and chimney.
- If the wood burner has been used slowly (overnight, for instance), this should be followed by a period of faster burning to dry out any creosote and to warm up the chimney again.
- Get the chimney cleaned at the end of each heating season and at least once during the heating season. Get it inspected regularly.
Portable heaters
Place heaters where they will not be knocked or tripped over. Do not put them where objects will fall on them.
- Make sure heaters are well clear of curtains, furniture and bedding.
- Do not move a heater while it is alight and switched on.